Receding Gums: Why It Happens and How It Is Treated

Dr Lokesh Yadav · Gurugram · Updated 2026-10-09

Noticing that your teeth look longer than they used to, or that cold water suddenly makes you wince? These are classic signs of receding gums, a common but often ignored dental problem. At our clinic in Sector 48, Gurugram, we see patients regularly who did not realise their gums were receding until the roots were already exposed. Here is what causes it, why it matters for your health, and how it can be treated today.

What Causes Gums to Recede

Gum recession happens when the gum tissue surrounding your teeth wears away or pulls back, exposing more of the tooth or its root. It usually develops slowly over months or years, which is why many people do not notice it until the damage is visible.

• Gum disease (periodontitis): Bacterial infection breaks down the gum and bone supporting your teeth.
• Brushing too hard: Aggressive brushing with a hard-bristled brush wears away gum tissue over time.
• Teeth grinding or clenching: Excess force can affect the gum line as well as the teeth.
• Tobacco use: Smoking and chewing tobacco reduce blood flow to the gums and slow healing.
• Misaligned teeth or bite problems: Uneven pressure on certain teeth can cause localized recession.
• Genetics: Some people naturally have thinner gum tissue that is more prone to recession.
• Piercings or trauma: Lip or tongue jewellery rubbing against the gums can wear them down.

Why Exposed Tooth Roots Are a Health Concern

When gums recede, the root surface of the tooth is left exposed. Unlike the enamel-covered crown of a tooth, roots are covered by a softer layer called cementum, which is much more vulnerable.

• Sensitivity: Exposed roots often react sharply to hot, cold, sweet, or even cold air.
• Root decay: Root surfaces are softer than enamel and more prone to cavities.
• Increased risk of further gum and bone loss: Recession is often a sign of ongoing gum disease that can progress if untreated.
• Tooth looseness: In advanced cases, the supporting bone shrinks along with the gum, which can loosen teeth over time.
• Cosmetic concerns: A "longer teeth" appearance or uneven gum line can affect confidence in your smile.

How Receding Gums Are Diagnosed

During a dental check up, we measure gum recession in millimetres and check for bleeding, pocket depth, and bone levels. This helps us understand whether the cause is disease-related, mechanical (like brushing habits), or structural (like thin gum tissue or bite issues). Identifying the cause is important because treatment differs depending on the reason behind the recession.

Treatment Options for Receding Gums

1. Addressing the Underlying Cause

If gum disease is the cause, a professional cleaning or deep cleaning (scaling and root planing) removes plaque and tartar buildup below the gum line and helps calm inflammation. If brushing technique is the issue, we guide you on a softer brush and gentler pressure.

2. Desensitizing Treatments

For mild sensitivity from exposed roots, desensitizing agents or fluoride varnishes can be applied in-clinic to reduce discomfort. At-home desensitizing toothpaste can also help manage day-to-day sensitivity.

3. Bite Correction

If grinding or an uneven bite is contributing to recession, a night guard or minor bite adjustment may be recommended to protect the gums from further wear.

4. Gum Graft Surgery

When recession is significant or the root is highly exposed, a gum graft may be advised. This procedure involves taking a small piece of tissue (often from the roof of the mouth or a tissue bank source) and placing it over the exposed root to rebuild gum coverage. It can reduce sensitivity, protect the root from decay, and improve the appearance of the gum line.

5. Ongoing Maintenance

Regular dental visits, a soft-bristled brush, and correct brushing technique are essential to prevent further recession, regardless of which treatment you receive.

Actual costs depend on the extent of recession, number of teeth involved, and technique used. A clinical examination is the only way to get an accurate estimate for your case.

When to See a Dentist

If you notice your teeth looking longer, gum sensitivity, or a visible notch near the gum line, it is worth getting checked sooner rather than later. Early intervention is usually simpler and more affordable than treating advanced recession. Patients across Gurugram visit our Sector 48 clinic for gum evaluations, and catching the problem early often means fewer visits and gentler treatment.

Treatment costs mentioned on this page are indicative ranges for the Gurugram region. Your exact cost depends on your case and will be confirmed after a clinical examination at the clinic.